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Elderly residents often experience a decrease in taste sensation and smell, which is a natural part of the aging process. This decline can be attributed to various factors, including changes in the olfactory nerves and taste buds, as well as possible medical conditions and medications that can affect these senses.

As we age, the number of taste buds can decrease, and the ability to detect certain flavors becomes less acute. Similarly, the sense of smell may diminish, leading to less sensitivity to odors. This can impact not only the enjoyment of food but also the safety of the elderly, as they may not detect smoke or gas leaks as effectively.

The other options list changes that are generally not seen in elderly residents. For instance, an increase in sensitivity to taste and smell or improvements in vision and hearing are uncommon, while enhanced memory recall tends to decline with age, rather than improve. Understanding these age-related changes is crucial for providing appropriate care and support for elderly individuals.